Simple present tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa atau perbuatan yang terjadi saat ini, atau kejadian yang berulang kali terjadi seperti kebiasaan sehari-hari.
Rumus Simple Present Tense
Formula atau rumus simple present tense adalah:
Kalimat Affirmative (+)
- Subject + To be (is, am, are) + Adjective/Noun/Adverb
- Subject + Verb I + s/es (penambahan s/es untuk subject he/she/it) + Adverb
Kalimat Negative (-)
- Subject + To be (is, am, are) + not + Adjective/Noun/Adverb
- Subject + Do / Does + not + Verb I + Adverb
Kalimat Interrogative (?)
- To be (is, am, are) + Subject + Adjective/Noun/Adverb
- Do / Does + Subject + Verb I + Adverb
| Subject | To Be | Do / Does |
| I | Am | Do |
| You | Are | Do |
| They | Are | Do |
| We | Are | Do |
| He | Is | Does |
| She | Is | Does |
| It | Is | Does |
Contoh Simple Present Tense
Mari perhatikan contoh berikut:
(+) She is very happy.
(-) She is not very happy.
(?) Is she very happy?
Pada kalimat di atas, She sebagai subject, is sebagai to be dan happy merupakan adjective/kata sifat. Contoh lainnya:
- (+) I am lazy.
(-) I am not lazy.
(?) Am I lazy? - (+) They are very famous.
(-) They are not very famous.
(?) Are they very famous? - (+) You are a student.
(-) You are not a student.
(?) Are you a student?
Mari perhatikan contoh selanjutnya:
(+) She does her homework.
(-) She does not do her homework.
(?) Does she do her homework?
Pada kalimat di atas, She sebagai subject, does merupakan verb/kata kerja bentuk pertama (do) + es. Contoh lainnya:
- (+) He goes to school every morning.
(-) He does not go to school every morning.
(?) Does he go to school every morning? - (+) Ani cooks in the kitchen.
(-) Ani does not cook in the kitchen.
(?) Does Ani cook in the kitchen? - (+) They watch movies every weekend.
(-) They do not watch movies every weekend.
(?) Do they watch movies every weekend?
Pada umumnya kata kerja dasar/Verb I/Infinitive, berakhiran vokal+y, dan berakhiran e, akhirannya ditambah “s”, contohnya:
- to bring = brings
- to eat = eats
- to make = makes
- play = plays
- say = says
- enjoy = enjoys
- operate = operates
- imitate = imitates
- evaluate = evaluates
Kata kerja dasar yang berakhiran o, e, ch, sh, x, dan z, akhirannya ditambahkan “es”, contohnya:
- attach = attaches
- wish = wishesc
- mix = mixes
- go = goes
- box = boxes
Kata kerja dasar yang berakhiran konsonan+y, akhirannya “y” diganti “i” dan ditambahkan “es”, contohnya:
- apply = applies
- fly = flies
- amplify = amplifies
- study = studies
Berikut ini coontoh-contoh lain kalimat menggunakan simple present tense affirmative (+), negative (-), interrogative (?).
- (+) Mario is the President of MarioLand.
(-) Mario is not the President of MarioLand.
(?) Is Mario the President of MarioLand? - (+) She reads a book every night.
(-) She does not read a book every night.
(?) Does she read a book every night? - (+) They watch new movies every Friday.
(-) They do not watch new movies every Friday.
(?) Do they watch new movies every Friday? - (+) Ririn takes math lessons every Monday.
(-) Ririn does not take math lessons every Monday.
(?) Does Ririn take math lessons every Monday? - (+) Andi sleeps for five hours every Monday.
(-) Andi does not sleep for five hours every Monday.
(?) Does Andi sleep for five hours every Monday?