Daftar isi
Pengertian Compound Adjective
Compound adjective merupakan dua atau lebih kata yang berperan seperti single adjective serta menerangkan kata benda (noun). Umumnya compound adjective dipisahkan menggunakan punctuation mark atau tanda baca hypen (-) agar menghindari kesan ambigu.
Untuk memahami lebih lanjut mengenai compound adjective, coba perhatikan contoh di bawah ini:
I saw a man-eating plant
I saw a man eating plant
Sekilas kedua kalimat di atas terlihat mirip, namun jika diterjemahkan keduanya memiliki arti yang berbeda. Pada kalimat pertama jika artikan ke dalam bahasa Indonesia menjadi “saya telah melihat tanaman pemakan manusia.”
Terdapat kata man-eating yang berperan sebagai adjective, menjelaskan plant (tanaman). Dalam hal ini apa jenis tanamannya? Yakni tanaman pemakan manusia. Oleh karena itu kalimat pertama tergolong compound adjective yang dicirikan dengan adanya tanda baca hypen yang menghubungkan kata man dan eating.
Sedangkan untuk kalimat kedua apabila diterjemahkan menjadi “saya telah melihat seorang pria memakan tanaman”. Di antara kata man dan eating tidak terdapat tanda baca hypen (-). Bahkan kalimat kedua ini memiliki arti yang sama dengan a man is eating plant, perlu diingat jika dijelaskan lebih terperinci akan berbunyi “I saw a man which is eating a plant”, dan kata eating di kalimat ini berperan sebagai verb atau kata kerja.
Perlu diketahui juga jika compound adjective letaknya dapat berada di depan atau di belakang noun. Apabila compound adjective berada di depan noun, frasa kata dengan noun disebut sebagai noun phrase.
Namun, untuk kombinasi adverb yang menggunakan akhiran –ly + adjective tidak perlu dirangkai menggunakan hypen sebab sudah jelas terdapat adverb yang menerangkan adjective. Satu lagi yang tidak perlu menggunakan hypen yakni compound adjectives setelah noun. Bisa dilihat dari contoh berikut:
Some people in the world prepare for the extremely cold weather every winter.
This is highly recommended cafe in my city.
Fungsi Compound Adjective
Adapun fungsi dari compound adjective sama seperti sebuah adjective tunggal lainnya yakni menerangkan sebuah noun atau kata benda. Namun yang membedakannya terletak pada penggunaan tanda hypen, oleh karena itu ini juga dikenal sebagai “hyphenated adjective”.
Pola Compound Adjective
Berikut ini ada beberapa pola compound adjective (compound adjective patterns) yang umum digunakan:
Adjective/adverb/noun + past participle
Well-built
Old-fashioned
Newly-found
Extremely-broken
Open-minded
Adjective + past participle
Contoh:
Cold-blooded
Most of reptiles are cold-blooded creatures.
Adverb + past participle
Contoh:
Well-known
She is a well-known writer, her book sold in every book store.
Noun + past participle
Contoh:
Sun-dried
He likes eating sun-dried raisins.
Adjective/adverb/noun + present participle
Long-lasting
Record-breaking
Free-standing
Air-flowing
Head-massaging
Phone-charging
Adjective + present participle
Contoh:
Good-looking
We are searching a man with good-looking face for our model.
Adverb + present participle
Contoh:
Never-ending
Learning a language seems to be a never-ending process.
Noun + present participle
Contoh:
Mouth-watering
My mom bought some mouth-watering mangoes.
Adjective/noun + noun
Contoh:
High-end
High-speed
Full-length
Part-time
My friend has been a part-time waitres for two months in that restaurant.
Number (angka) + noun
Contoh:
Nine-month
Three-semester
Four-hour
As a nineteen-year-old boy, there are a lot of things going on that you have not understood yet.
Noun + adjective
Smoke-free
World-famous
Oil-free
Life-long
Brand-new
Air-sick
I suggest that you should only use oil-free skin products to make your face look good.
Contoh Compound Adjective
- The precondition of talking about gender is that you must be open-minded. (open-minded)
- His doe-eyed eyes are the point of his charm. (doe-eyed)
- They live in a densely-populated city. (densely-populated)
- I’m so dead-tired from yesterday’s trip. I wish I don’t have to go to work today. (dead-tired)
- A lot of well-educated people are still having trouble finding jobs now days. (well-educated)
- When you grow up, you should be a well-being person. (well-being)
- That is a brightly-lit main tower. (brightly-lit)
- Our city should start using wind-powered power plant to decrease global warming level. (wind-powered).
- I wish my relationship now is the long-lasting one. (long-lasting)
- Everybody loves Diana because she is kind, nice, easy-going, dan super friendly. (easy-going)
- That is a record-breaking music for this year. (record-breaking)
- That is body-refreshing soap, special just for you. (body-refresing)
- They never stop bad-mouthing other people. Nobody will ever be good enough in their eyes. (bad-mouthing)
- I need to see a full-length record of this CCTV. (full-length)
- Do you need high-speed system? (high-speed)
- It was a last-minute decision. (last-minute)
- He attended a two-hour seminar yesterday. (two-hour)
- We went on five-day trip to Yogyakarta. (five-day)
- I will have a five-hour work this week. (five-hour)
- She has a two-week vacation to Bali and Yogyakarta. (two-week)
- Don’t worry, this is a smoke-free restaurant. (smoke-free)
- They are a world-famous idol group. They sold about more than 10 million albums a round the world. (world-famous)
- Luna just bought a brand-new Gucci bag for $20.000. (brand-new)